affray
英 [ə'freɪ]***美 [ə'fre]
助记提示
1. aff(阿福) + ray => 小狗阿福经常为了晒太阳争光线而打架、吵架。
2. afraid => affray.
3. The underlying meaning of the word is thus 'take away someone's peace'.
4. free => afraid, affray.
5. *exfray => *esfray => *effray (同化) => *affray (应该是误写、误传所致).
6. afraid 原本是 affray 的过去分词。
中文词源
affray 打架前缀af-为ex- 变体。词根fray, 平和，友爱，同free, friend. 原意为忧虑，后指破坏和平，打架。
中文词源
- affray
- affray: [14] Affray is a word of mixed Germanic and Romance origin. The noun comes from the verb, ‘alarm’ (now obsolete, but still very much with us in the form of its past participle, afraid), which was borrowed into English from Anglo- Norman afrayer and Old French effreer and esfreer. These go back to a hypothetical Vulgar Latin verb *exfridāre, which was composed of the Latin prefix ex- ‘out’ and an assumed noun *fridus, which Latin took from the Frankish *frithuz ‘peace’ (cognate with German friede ‘peace’, and with the name Frederick). The underlying meaning of the word is thus ‘take away someone’s peace’.
=> afraid, belfry - affray (n.)
- c. 1300, "state of alarm produced by a sudden disturbance," from Old French effrei, esfrei "disturbance, fright," from esfreer (v.) "to worry, concern, trouble, disturb," from Vulgar Latin *exfridare, a hybrid word meaning literally "to take out of peace," from Latin ex- "out of" (see ex-) + Frankish *frithu "peace," from Proto-Germanic *frithuz "peace, consideration, forbearance" (cognates: Old Saxon frithu, Old English friðu, Old High German fridu "peace, truce"), from suffixed form of PIE root *pri- "to be friendly, love" (see free (adj.)). Meaning "breach of the peace, riotous fight in public" is from late 15c. Related verb afrey (early 14c.) survives almost exclusively in its past participle, afraid (q.v.).
双语例句
- 1. They were convicted of affray and received community service sentences.
- 他们因殴斗滋事被判决为社区义务服务。
来自柯林斯例句
- 2. Barnstaple crown court was told he caused an affray at a pub in Braunton, Devon.
- 有人向巴恩斯特珀尔刑事法院告发他在德文郡布朗顿的一家酒馆打架滋事。
来自柯林斯例句
- 3. An interesting shooting affray was on in the mountains of Kentucky.
- 在肯塔基州山区发生了有趣的枪战.
来自英汉文学 - 嘉莉妹妹
- 4. Gambling houses ran full blast and hardly a night passed without its shooting or cutting affray.
- 赌场经营最兴旺,几乎没有一夜不发生开枪、动刀子或打架的事.
来自飘（部分）
- 5. The Crime of Affray is a common and frequently occurring crime.
- 聚众斗殴罪是一种常见的、多发性的犯罪.
来自互联网
